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The main purposes of thesis were to study a was of teaching the Four Foundations of Mindfulness in Theravãda Buddhism, ways of teaching the Four Foundations of Mindfulness according to S.N.Go-enka, and an analysis of the teaching ways of S.N.Go-enka and in Tipitaka.
The way of teaching the Foundations of Mindfulness in Theravãda Buddhism was found that the Foundations of Mindfulness was a way to make a meditator of insight meditation to attain the final purpose in Buddhism – the effective cessation of suffering. Those principles were contemplation of body, contemplation of feeling, contemplation of mind, and contemplation of mind-object. A meditator had to consider continuously three principles – great effort to cease defilement, mindfulness, and discrimination. If a meditator practiced them continuously, he could eradicate all covetousness and grief from mind.
To analyze a way of teaching the Foundations of Mindfulness between S.N.Go –enka and Tipitaka was found that there were both similarity and difference between S.N. Go – enka’s teaching way and a way in Tipitaka. Their similarity was the instruction of the Foundations of Mindfulness taken from Diganikaya, Tipitaka Vol. 11 that was about a body, a feeling, mind and mental – objects. The difference was little details for practicing meditation. They were not important but many meditators were habitual to follow or take these little details as an important method such as receiving five precepts, receiving meditation, or insight meditation from the instructor of tranquility meditation or the instructor of insight meditation. The waste time and anxiety arose because of asking questions of practicing meditation, respecting to Triple Gem, and chanting in the morning and evening, Therefore, Co-enka cut off all those steps of ceremonies and kept only the important ways of real practice in order to bring all medititors to the success in a short time. A three – day course or a ten – day course of practicing meditation was really suitable for all mediators in the present time. |
