The research were of three objectives; 1) to study concepts of forest conservation in Buddhist ways, 2) to study the forest conservation of Buddhist monks at Phrabatpookhaokwai Temple, Turakhom District, Vientiane, 3) to analyze Buddhist monks’ roles in forest conservation of Phrabatpookhaokwai Temple, Turakhom District, Vientiane. The research was qualitative one and done with fieldwork data on Buddhist monks’ roles in forest conservation.

          The research findings were that forest conservation in Buddhist ways meant a process of forest conservation in Buddhist ways. The Buddhism had commandment about protecting, observing, and reviving forests which reflected concepts of Buddhism emphasizing the forests, and especially in the Buddha’s commandment on conservation of all plants, forest conservation’s methods in Buddhist ways. Concerning to generous relation appeared in Bayaggha Jataka, it made cooperation in forest and ecology conservation from direct and indirect threatening of human beings. Reliance according to all parts getting benefits, it made sustainably an ecology conservative motivation. Buddhism had commandment about protecting, observing, and reviving forests which reflected concepts of Buddhism emphasizing the forests, and especially in the Buddha’s commandment on conservation of all plants, which was to not cut any plants in the first precept of Bhutagamavagga, Pacittiyakanda.

          The principle of forest conservation of Donthat Temple’s Buddhist monks was that “The forest is the temple” by threefold training and five precepts. The forest conservation’ methods of Donthat Temple’s Buddhist monks both short and long term were as following; planting bamboos against bank erosion, planting vetiver grasses to preserve soil surface and against bank erosion, setting a pump in watering any plants in temple’s area, setting water pipe in the forest to water any plants. The processes of forest conservation at Phrabatpookhaokwai Temple were as following; planting bamboos against bank erosion, planting vetiver grasses to preserve soil surface, putting bricks to preserve soil surface and trees’ root, setting the sanctuary area, and getting temples and communities to participate in conserving forests.

          The Buddhist monks at Phrabatpookhaokwai Temple applied the principle of threefold training in forest conservation. They were three; Sila (Precepts) - the foundation in controlling and having disciplines for oneself, Samadhi (Concentration) – the practice to have conscious mind in environment conservation, and Panna (Wisdom) – the practice to comprehend and love natural resources. Five precept are right actions in physically and verbally; the first is for not destroying environments, the second is for not smuggling and destroying environments, the third is for not interfering ecological relationship, the forth is for regulations’ following, and the fifth is for not making any pollutions destroying environments.

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