The three purposes of this research were; 1) to study to taking care of the patients in the way of Buddhism 2) to study the way to look after the patients  in accordance with the way of Buddhism and the local wisdom in Buengkan Province and 3) to study the results of application of the methods for taking care of the patients in accordance with the way of Buddhism and the local wisdom in Buengkan Province by studying from the primary documents that is, Thai Pitaka in version of Thai language, commentaries, and the related research documents. This research is the qualitative research. The collection of data is obtained from the various documents as the concepts and the theory of the research and interviewing and to report by the descriptive analysis.

The results of the research were found that for taking care of the patients, the sickness and the diseases can be divided into 2 types, that is, the physical diseases and the mental diseases. The physical diseases are the diseases taking place in the physical proportions such as the headache, eye pain, and scabies. The physical diseases result from the change of the seasons and the unbalance of elements etc. while the spiritual diseases result from the mentality that is covered with defilements, that is, greed, hatred and delusion and the sickness in the bodies can cause the mental suffering. In Buddhism, there are the principles to take care of the diseases in two ways together, namely, to take care of diseases with the herbs and to take care of the diseases with Dhamma. For the first way, the herbs used for taking care of the Buddhist monks’ sickness beside using the five pharmacies, there are still various plants as appeared in Pitaka such as roots, leaves, fruits, resin, acidulous water, salt and cows’ excrements etc. while for the second way, to take care of the mental diseases beside to look after with the seven enlightenment factors and Ten Contemplations in compliance with meditation in order to make the mind calm and then there is still exhibition of Dhamma and the conversation of Dhamma in order to cease the suffering that results from various sicknesses with training the state of consciousness calm as well in order to use the Ten Wholesome that emphasizes to clean the body, verbal and mentality.

For the aspect of local wisdom in Buengkan Province, it is the body of knowledge and ability that is agreeable with the content of the culture that supports the application for taking care of the sustainable health resulting from the accumulation of experience in various aspects through the process of inheritance, development, improvement, and selection as well and it can be applied for taking care of the health, for creation of the health, for protecting the diseases, for healing and improving the health including the body, mentality, emotion and the environment as a whole by using the three principles of Dhamma sanitation, that is, the physical sanitation, mental sanitation and life-sanitation. To enhance the health with physical sanitation is to adapt the balance of the earth, water, wind and fire elements in the body by eating the clean foods in accordance with the sanitation principle and the herbal usage, Thai massage, the roasting herbs, the massage with the herbs and the exercise as Thai styles. While the mental sanitation is to practice the meditation and the chant and the development is to take care of the mental health and the life- sanitation is to carry on the life in accordance with the middle way and to have good environment and the appropriate occupation. The local wisdom has the benefit for application in taking care of the health of Thai people as a whole.

For the application of the methods to take care of the patients in accordance with the way of Buddhism and the local wisdom in Buengkan Province, both processes create the knowledge and the understanding in the sickness both physically and mentally and to be the guideline, the concept to know the sickness. For the Buddhist methods in taking care of and curing the diseases, the local wisdom in Buengkan province is to adapt themselves to face when the sickness occurs as well of each method. Buddhist method takes care and heals the diseases emphasizing to take care of internal mind to external mind that is the process of practicing Dhamma and the local wisdom in Buengkan province that depends on the belief of Buddhism by integration with the local herbs both from inside healing to outside one and from outside to inside body.

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