Abstract
This thesis contains the following objectives; to study the Parikammabhāvanā in Samathabhāvanā, 2) to study Parikammabhāvanā in insight and 3) to compare Parikammabhāvanā in Samathabhāvanā and Parikammabhāvanā in insight by collecting data from original texts of Theravada Buddhism and other concerned documents then, summarized, analyzed and composed in descriptive style, finally previewed by experts. The findings of research revealed that;
Parikammabhāvanā in Samatha or tranquility or incantation refers to the way of calming the mind by incantation or word utterance which focuses on contemplating on 40 objects until it became unity and trance. Parikammabhāvanā in Vipassanā or insight means the incantation done in every moment of observing meditative objects happening in mind at the present as they really are. It has 6 bases of insight as an object of concentration in order to realize the noble truth.
In comparison, there found the similarity and differences. Parikammabhāvanā in Samathabhāvanā aims at contemplating on mental objects until the mind became calm by applying incantation along while in Vipassanabhāvanā, it aims at observing mental objects through lending mind into presents objects. Both has divided the practice into 4 types, such as Samathapubbangavipassanā etc. in respect of principle, their similarity is that both needs solitude places such as forest, empty house etc. and restraining from uncomfortable things. The difference is that Parikamma in Samathabhāvanā requires mindfulness, confidence and awareness. Its obstacle is 5 hindrances etc. while Parikamma in Vipassanabhāvanā requires the restrains from sensual-organs and empowering faculties, speechless, slowly moving, contemplating on present objects only, its obstacle is insight influxes etc. In aspect of component, the difference is that Parikamma in Samathabhāvanā’s components are mindfulness, concentration and trance while Vipassanabhāvanā’s components are mindfulness, concentration and wisdom. In aspect of objects of meditation, difference is that Parikamma in Samathabhāvanā uses 40 objects for concentration but Vipassanabhāvanā uses 6 bases of insight or Name and forms. In aspect of results, their similarities are concentration, trance and super-knowledge, while the differences are that concentration received in Samathabhāvanā are temporary, access and attainment concentration but Vipassanabhāvanā’s concentration requires only temporary and access concentration Contemplation only. Samatha gains only Ārammanūpanijajhāna but Vipassanā Lakkhaṇūpanijajhāna and Samathabhāvanā receives only 5 worldly super-knowledge while Vipassanā worldly and transcendent 6 super-knowledges etc.
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