ABSTRACT
This thesis is entitled An Analytical Study of the Buddhist Monks’Dangers in Theravada Buddhism with 3 objectives :- (1) to study the Buddha’s teachings about dangers arising to the monks in Buddhism (2) to study the example of the dangers the Buddhist monks in Buddhism (3) to study the prevention of the dangers arising to the Buddhist Monks in Buddhism. This study is a documentary research as a descriptive type to be applied to the principles of Dhamma.
From the research, it is found that, the monks’dangers are the monks’ spiritual dismay, meaning the dangers arising to the sons who are ordained to be the Buddhist novices and monks who could not behave in compliance with the principles of Dhammas. The Buddhist monks who perceive the wheel of rebirth in transmigration as a frequent rebirth are in the suffering. The persons who are ordained with faith must observe the precepts in Buddhism. They must observe the codes of 227 precepts for the Buddhist monks strictly and must be composed of six senses, namely eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind and they must have consciousness in order to control his action at the present time in order to prevent and to mitigate the dangers occurring to the Buddhist monks.
The obstacles which are the Buddhist monks’dangers come from the facts that (1) The Buddhist monks have the anger and the resentfulness and do not have patience to the Buddhist Teachings such as Ven.Channa Bhikkhu (2) The Buddhist monks have some lusts and desires to take the food, to be fond of the taste of food and to be selfish; such as Ven.Dāsaka Bhikkhu (3) The Buddhist monks have some lusts and desires to be pandered with 5 sensual desires such as Ven.Vakkali Bhikkhu (4) The Buddhist monks have the sexual desires and are of the infatuation with women, the fact of which causes the monk not to be able to behave Brahmacharya and disrobe to be a lay person and be in the infatuation in woman such as Ven.Vangisa Bhikkhu. Therefore, those factors cause the Buddhist monks to be unable to conduct the holy lives for a long time and cause them to leave the Buddhist monkhood to be a householders.
The guidelines to prevent and to mitigate the dangers occurring to the Buddhist monks are as follows :- (1) To bring the Fairness Doctrine to prevent the dangers from occurring to the Buddhist monks who do not have patience to the Buddhist Teachings, by providing the Buddhist monks to study the Nāthakarana-dhamma and to practise the Dhammas for understanding the Dhammas clearly and for having the humble minds to listen to the Dhammas taught by the highest monks with respect in order to prevent and mitigate the anger and resentfulness; (2) To bring the principles of Dhamma to prevent the dangers occurring to the Buddhist monks to be fond of the taste of food, and to be selfish, by helping the Buddhist monks to be solitary and to be satisfied with the offered food as what the Buddhist monks receive, to be abstemious in consuming the food, not eat much food to cause uneasiness, and not to be in refreshment. The Buddhist monks should consider the food by thinking that the food is wasted, unclean and stinky in order to reduce and to lesson the food desire; (3) To bring the Fairness Doctrine to prevent the dangers occurring to the Buddhist monks dreaming for the ambition in Kāmaguna, by providing the Buddhist monks to preserve the Pātimokkha and the observation of the code of 227 precepts that the Buddha has legislated. The Buddhist monks have to behave in compliance with the S las permitted by Lord Buddha and should be composed of six senses along with the good behavior and manner in the incorruptible way, not to go to the indecent place, not to have a relationship with the widow and the liquor shop, the poison to prevent and mitigate the five sensual desires; (4) To bring the principles of Dhamma to prevent the dangers from occurring to the Buddhist monks who love the women. by providing the Buddhist monks to develop the mindfulness with regard to the body, that is to say, to be conscious of considering the aggregates according to the suitability in every physique as the waste one and not to obsess them as the elegant things. The Buddhist monks should develop Asubhakammatthāna. They have to consider the body according to the suitability in inelegant 32 parts of the body by themselves and others. The Buddhist monks should develop Maranānussati, that is to say, to be conscious of considering the death arising to oneself and to others by having the consciousness, the pity and the perception to have the death awareness in the state of mind causing the boredom to arise in the sexual desire not be in infatuation with the women in order to reduce and solve the Buddhist monks’problems is loving the woman, This fact renders the Buddhist monks to be in Buddhist monkhood forever.
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