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ABSTRACT
This thesis had three objectives;1) to study of mindfulness on breathing development with breathing in-out in Ᾱnāpānassatisutta, 2) to study the state of insight knowledge in Theravada Buddhist scriptures, and 3) to study of the states of insight knowledge in Ᾱnāpānassatisutta. Data were collected from the Theravada Buddhist Scriptures, texts, and other related documents. Raw data were clarified, analyzed, composed and explained in details then verified by the Buddhist experts. From the study it found that;
Breathing on mindfulness development was the way of mind training for higher virtues; morality (Sīla) concentration (Samādhi) and wisdom (Paññā) for the purpose of purification of mentality. This kind of mental development was being mindful focusing at ‘breathing in and out’ until mind became calm. In Ᾱnāpānassatisutta, The Buddha explained the process of breathing in-out mindfulness which was composed of sixteen levels of contemplation breath in-out; when having breath in long one knows he was breathing in long, when breathing out long, one knows he was breathing out long, when breathing in short, one knows he was breathing short and so on.
State of insight knowledge was the state of authentic wisdom which realized three common characteristics of five aggregates as they really are; impermanence, suffering, not-self and ugly. There were nine insight knowledge; knowledge of contemplation on rise and fall, knowledge of contemplation on dissolution, knowledge of the appearance as terror, knowledge of contemplation on disadvantages, knowledge of contemplation on dispassion, knowledge of the desire for deliverance, knowledge of reflective contemplation equanimity regarding all formations, and adaptation-knowledge. This insight knowledge was the third level of development, that was full knowledge as abandoning (Pahānapariññā) which signified only two abandonments; 1) abandoning by suppression which referred to access concentration and attainment concentration of meditator with firstly tranquility 2) abandonment by substitution of opposites which referred to momentary concentration at present moment of meditator with firstly insight.
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