Abstract

This research has three of objectives namely, 1) to study concept of the birth appearing in Theravada Buddhist Scriptures 2) to study concept of the birth appearing in Hindu Scriptures and 3) to comparatively study of concept of the birth in Theravada Buddhist Scriptures and Hindu Scriptures. The result of study is found that :-

To be born a human being in the viewpoint of Buddhism, it is to be of Nāma and Rūpa which is caused of living form that is called Khanda: the five aggregates, they are, form, feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness. These are combined, and following the concept as man, it means the appearance of phenomenon of the first mind or consciousness in mother’s womb until giving a birth to child and maintains his life as long as his final life. These are called one world of the life. Then, the birth in the viewpoint of Hinduism, it is concerned by universe and Gods. There is the condition with the explanation of Gods in the universe and philosophical, by believe that Brahma is the first one who was born between gods creating the world, protecting the world, and teaching the Brahma. The process of origin of cosmology and all livings were born by the Gods’ intention, by His will be create all forms and mind for existence over all times and having power over all things. God had created the universe by himself. His condition has in body of all livings which is called Jivatman or soul, it is the cause of all beings to be individual person who knows, does, and receives the result of kamma, so the life cycle was happened.

The belief of to be born a human being in Buddhism and Hinduism is not different, it is to say that human was born from Brahma, Buddhism believes that human was dead from Âbhassarā-brahma. Hinduism believes that all livings and beings in this world are created by Brahma. Buddhism said that the arising of this comes the arising of that, which is the conditionality, and this is fell, because that is fell.

The cause of to be born in both religions is the same concept, that is a man is from Brahma. Then the different concept is, Buddhism said that action is the cause of rebirth, father and mother live together, mother is in the menstruation (period), mother is pregnant (rebirth-consciousness). Hinduism said that Paramataman (Purusha) which is the origin of seeding of life, it is to say that soul that is in human’s body by bringing to female’s body, the soul will become a human.

The process of birth in both religions is the same concept, which is believed that one who has practiced meditation in the proper times will be born in good world, or one who practice meditation and practice the penance in advanced until he can cut the root of ignorance not return to reborn again. If the man has made evil, he will go the low world. Then, in the different concept, Buddhism says that life has raised because of the cause and fruit which is the condition each others. By the cause and effect, this rises, that rose, it has proceeded as the fetter hooking each others. Then, in Hinduism concept is everything is upon God (Brahma) who give the birth to all.

The result of birth in both religions is the same concept, the liberation of cycle of rebirth not become a human. Buddhism is the practice meditation until got enlightenment that is Arahanta, one who is the perfected, one who has gained insight into the true nature of existence, and will not be reborn. In Hinduism, there is the practice for becoming unity with God (Brahma), and will not become a human. This is the highest goal of both religions. The different concept in both religions, Buddhism taught the practice of the Middle Path, living with wisdom to lead the goal that is the cessation of defilement and the end of suffering e.g., the Eightfold Path, the development of four foundations of mindfulness. In Hinduism, there is the practice of Sanyasi, which is the four practices of Yoga, the self-mortification is to try for attaining the aim by self-torture such as the practice of penances, this is the population in Indian Yogi.

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