Abstract
This thesis is of three objectives, namely; 1) to study the essence of the principles of Dhammas in Sāmaññaphala Sutta, 2) to study the Doctrinal principles used in getting rid of the defilements in Sāmaññaphala Sutta and 3) to study the principles of practicing the Vipassanā Meditation to get rid of the defilements in Sāmaññaphala Sutta by studying the data from the Theravāda Buddhist Scriptures called the Pali Canon (Tipiṭaka), the Commentaries, the Sub-Commentaries and other related Scriptures, and it is arranged as a descriptive narration for presenting to professional checking and later corrected them according to the advice.
From the study, it is found that Sāmaññaphala Sutta is the Doctrinal principles preached by the Buddha to King Ajāsattu as appearing in Suttantapiṭaka Dīghanīkāya, SīlaKhandha Vagga. It is the principle and method of very completely practicing the Dhammas in Buddhism, because it can reflect the united form of the cause and the effect, the fact of which is the clear heart of the teaching in Buddhism. Thus, Sāmaññaphala Sutta is very useful to the religious students and the monks, because it’s the standard principle of maintaining oneself as a monk.
The Doctrinal principles used in getting rid of the defilements in Sāmaññaphala Sutta consist of the state of the completion of the precept, the controlling of the Indriyas with the mindfulness and clear comprehension (Sampajañña), contentment (Santuṭṭhi) and the practice of Samādhi. Then, one attains the different levels of Jhānas, 8 Vijjās and can get rid of the 3 defilements: the rough one called Vītikkama Kilesa and the middle one called Pariyuṭṭhāna Kilesa. If one wishes to stop the 3 Vaṭṭas not to turn for ever, one must destroy the cause of Vaṭṭa which means the get rid of the fine defilements (Āsava and Anusaya) by developing the Vipassanã Meditation the result of which cause the defilements to extinguish in the end.
According to the principle of practicing the Vipassanā Meditation to get rid of the defilements in Buddhism, the practice must use the Threefold Training (Sikkhāttaya): Sīla, Samadhi and Paññā to destroy the defilements. The methods of getting rid of the defilements can be divided into 3 levels, namely:- to get rid of Vītikkama Kilesa with the precepts. To use the precept to get rid of Kāma is to use Indriya-Saṅvara: to control our eyes, ears, nosed, tongues, bodies and minds, not to be pleased and displeased when one sees the form, hears the sound, smells the nose, tastes the tongue and bodily touches the thing including the perception of the mental temperaments. The arrangement of Pariyuṭṭhāna Kilesa with concentration is to use Samatha Kamaṭṭhāna to fix the Kāma directly. To get rid of Anusaya Kilesa with wisdom is to fix the mind to know the present form and norm, according to the principles of the Four Foundations of Mindfulness:- Kāyānupassanā Satipaṭṭhāna, Vedanānupasssanā Satipaṭṭhāna, Cittānupassanā Satipaṭṭhāna, and Dhammānupassanā Satipaṭṭhāna all of which are of Ātāpī, Sampajāno, Stimā as virtuous organs to cause one to know all the Doctrinal States appearing according to the fact. Then, one can get rid of Abhijjhā and Domanassa in the world and can realize the Four Noble Truths. So, the 4 Satipaṭṭhānas are the important Doctrinal Principles in practicing to be away from the suffering.
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