Abstract
This thesis is of three objectives, namely: 1) to study the essence and the Doctrinal Principles in Satisutta, 2) to study the principles of Satipaṭṭhāna in practicing the Insight meditation in Theravāda Buddhist Scriptures, 3) to study the doctrinal principles connected with the practice the Insight meditation in Satisutta. Clarified and analyzed data were taken from the Theravāda Buddhist scriptures, Tipitaka or original Buddhist texts, Buddhist commentaries, Tīga or sub-commentaries, and other related scriptures then composed, explained in details, corrected and verified by Buddhist scholars.
From the study, it found that Satisutta was delivered by Buddha in three sub-sutta; 1) Ambapālivagga, 2) Ananussutavagga, 3) Amatavagga. These Sutta were collected and written in Sangyuttanikaya Mahavagga by Dhammasanghakacara. The main essence of this teachings in the first Satisutta Buddha emphasized that everybody must be mindful in diary living. In the second Satisutta in Ananussuttavagga, the Buddha had explained the characteristics and the meaning of Sati (Mindfulness) and Sampajañña (Clear comprehension). In the third Satisutta, Buddha taught the significance of mindfulness and these Sati and Sampajañña were frequently taught by Him, because it is the important principle in considering the Insight temperaments.
The Four Foundations of Mindfulness are the ways of Insight development by observing conditions of body, feeling, thought and Dhamma with the fixation of the mind to know the present state at every moment continuously. The fixation of mind with the temperaments of Kammaṭṭhāna had concentration as its characteristic in order to know the temperaments completely. This Insight development must be supported by three necessary components; 1) Atāpī or the effort in practice of Kammaṭṭhāna in order to uproot all defilements, 2) Sampajāno or the mindfulness and 3) Satimā or awariness. Those who had practiced Insight with these three components can detach from worldly pleasure and displeasure, then overcoming all sufferings, finally attained complete deliverance (Vimutti) which was the state of purity of mind.
The study of principles of Dhammas concerning to practice the insight meditation found that in Satisutta, there were the doctrinal principles clearly preached by Buddha based on the four foundations of mindfulness which get rid of covetousness (Abhijjā) and a painful mental feeling (Domanassa) including the two parts; 1) observing part which was body, feeling, mind and the Dhammas, 2) observer part which is Sati (Awareness). Another supportive compositions were the mindfulness (Sampajañña) for Insight development. In this sutta, he emphasized on insight practice with awareness and mindfulness. The contents of teaching in Satisutta conformed in Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutta, that is, Satisutta was minor sutta in Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutta, the first presented principle and method of practice while the second aimed at goal and process.
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