Abstract

                 This thesis is three of objectives; 1) to study of enlightenment in Theravada Buddhist Scriptures, 2) to study of the way of enlightenment in Theravada Buddhist Scriptures, and 3) to study of background of perfection practice and enlightenment of Khadiravaniya Revata Thera. It is to study from data of Tipiṭaka: Pāli Canon, Aṭṭhakathā: Commentaries, Ṭikā: Sub-commentaries, Pakaraṇavisesa-Visuddhimagga Sripture, academic documentaries and other related Texts, and it is arranged, descriptive narration, checking by professional, comparison and conclusion.

                      From the study of enlightenment in Buddhism is found that, Dhamma means the nine supramundane states (Lokuttaradhamma): the Four Paths, the Four Fruits, and Nibbāna by to live the development of insight meditation that is the mental development to rise the supramundane wisdom for seeing the Four Noble Truths (Ariyasacca): dukkha, samudaya, nirodha, and magga. The one who attained the enlightenment is called the Noble One, they are Sotāpanna, Sakadāgāmi, Anāgāmi, and Arahanta.

                      The way of practice for enlightenment in Buddhism is the practice of insight by four ways, 1) Samatha-buppaṅgamanaya, 2) Vipassanā buppaṅgamanaya, 3) Yuganaddhanaya, and
4) Dhammuccaviggahitamānasanaya. These are concluded into two ways, 1) Samathayānika: the quiet-vehicled that is to train the concentrated mind for arising Jhāna by living the fourty objectives of Samatha, consideration of factor of Jhāna by being of five aggregates, understanding  rūpa and nāma, seeing the Ti-Lakkhaṇa, which is result of occurring magga-citta and phala-citta repectively. 2) Vipassanāyānika: the insight-vehicled, it is to practice of insight meditation according to the four foundations of Mindfulness, body, feeling, mind, and mind-objects, which is observation of the state of rūpa and nāma by being Aniccaṁ, Dukkhaṁ, and Anattā. It is the result of occurring magga-ñāṇa and phala-ñāṇa respectively.

                      The study of background of perfections practice and enlightenment of Khadiravaniya Revata Thera is found that he was born in Upatissagāma in the Nālaka, his name is Revata, his father was Vanganta and his mother Sārī, and his older brother is Upatissa or later is Sārīputta Thera. His mother is wrong view, even though she is Arahant’s mother but she did not believe in Buddhism. When he was seven years old, his mother wished him to be householder, she arraged his marriage. He had left his marriage to seek ordination. 

                      After ordination, he had studied insight meditation from the preceptor; he practiced insight meditation through three months. After Buddhist Lent, he had ttained enlightenment by the Samatha-buppaṅgamanaya: the development calm abiding and then insight until became Arahanta. Because of he dwelt in the acacia forest. The Buddha declared him foremost among monks who dwell in the forest.

 Download