Abstract
This thesis has three Objectives; 1) to study the MajjhimāpatÚipadā (Middle way) in Theravāda Buddhist scriptures, 2) to study the principles of the Insight Meditation in Theravāda Buddhist scriptures, 3) to study the relationship between MajjhimāpatÚipadā and Vipassanā meditation. The data were collected from Theravāda Buddhist scriptures, Tipitaka or three baskets, the commentaries, sub-commentaries, the books, the documents, the texts, reports then analysed and composed finally verified by Buddhst experts.
From the study, it found that MajjhimāpatÚipadā means the way of practices by following middle way which is not involveing two extreme way;- Kāmasukhallikānuyoga or sensual indengence and Attakilamatthānuyoga or self-mortification. Majjhimāpa-
tÚipadā was the way of practice which leads to open the Dhamma-eye (Dhammacakkhu) and wisdom. It would subdue all dedefilements and bring about realization and cessation of suffering. MajjhimāpatÚipadā was composed of the Eightfold Path which are SammāditÚtÚhi (Right view), Sammāsaṅkappa (Right thought), Sammāvācā (Right speech), Sammākammanta (Right actions), Sammāājīva (Right livelihood), Sammā-vāyāma (Right effort), Sammāsati (Right mindfulness) and Sammāsamādhi (Right concentration). By the right practice of Majjhimāpaṭipadā, practitioner will attain the state of Nooble One (Ariyapuggala) in Buddhism.
The principle of Vipassanā Bhāvanā practice refered to the practice of the Four Foundations of Mindfulness (Satipaṭṭhāna). With the help of Vīriya (Effort), Sati (Mindfulness), Samādhi (Concentration) and Pan͂n͂ā (Wisdom), the said practice would be used in considering and knowing the forms and name (Nāma-rūpa) as they are. These Four Foundations of Mindfulness consisted of contemplation of boby, contemplation of feeling, contemplation of mind and contemplation of mind-objects. When the practitioner had skill of perfect mindfulness, the wisdom to know the true nature of all conditioned things as impermanence, suffering and not self which appeared as arising and fall will take place. Then this kind of wisdom will destroy all ignorance and sufferings.
The relation between MajjhimāpatÚipadā and Vipassanā meditation was that both were summarized into unique of Dhamma, that is MajjhimāpatÚipadā can be set up in Four SatipatÚtÚhānas with the five doctrinal principles: Pan͂n͂ā (Wisdom), Vīriya (Effort), Sati (Mindfulness), Samādhi (Concentration) and Sīla (Morality), all of which support one another, that is to say, when one develop SatipatÚtÚhāna, he was following practices of MajjhimāpatÚipadā through cultivating Ātāpī (Effort), Sampajāno (Awareness), Satimā (Mindfulness) authometically, the Noble Eightfold Paths will also grow up and develop to gain the unity of Magga (path) which completely uproot all defilements.
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