The objectives of this research were: 1) to study Buddhist approach to mental disease treatment appeared in Buddhist scriptures, 2) to study Buddha-Dhamma principles for the mental disease treatment, and 3) to study application of the Buddhist approach to the mental treatment appeared in Thai society. This research applied the documentary research by studying the primary data and the secondary data on the literary works, texts and related researches for analysis of data.

From the analytical study of the Buddhist approach to the disease treatment appeared in the Buddhist scriptures, it was found the Lord Buddha used the Buddhist approach to the disease treatment by the various ways according to the patient’s conditions as follow:

1.  Using the herbs appeared in Medicine section of Vinayapitaka mentioned the various herbs and their properties in the disease treatment.

2.  Using the power was the approach to the treatment by the Power of the Buddha in treating the patients from the various diseases.

3. Using the Dhamma medicines was the disease treatment with the Dhamma and practice principles to make the patients happy, delighted and have the power to fight with the diseases.

the results found that the Buddha-Dhamma principles for the mental disease treatment was almost the important Dhamma principles in Buddhism to relieve from the adherence and lead to the achievement of Magga, Phala and Nibbana, especially Dhamma section: the thirty-eight Bodhipakkhiya-dhammas, the ten Sannas, Tilakkhana, Phraratanattaya, Anatta and the Dhamma principles etc.

the results found that the application of the Buddhist approach to the mental disease treatment was applied by Thai Sangha such as Luang Phor Buddhathat Pikku, Phra Bahmagunabhorn (P. A.Payutto) and Phra Thamsinghaburachan (Charan Thitthammo). These monks were the good prototype of applying the Buddhist approach to the mental disease treatment with the patients in the Thai society and applied Buddhist approach to the disease treatment with the modern medicine well by holding three principles:

1. Holding the Dhammavinaya principles was the approach to the treatment appeared in Dhammavinaya with the application of the ancient herbs and the modern medicine for the treatment.

2. Holding the rules of nature was the approach to the treatment with the natural rules. If the diseases cannot treat, don’t try to treat. It was the natural rule that everybody cannot escape from the death.

3. Holding the Dhamma principles or the Dhamma medicine was the approach to the treatment with the Dhamma principles such as the seven Bojjhanagas, the ten Sannas, the principle of carefulness, the principle of practice and making the patients regain the consciousness to fight with the diseases and also prepare for the patients.