ABSTRACT
Themain objective of this research is to analyze the concept of aestheticism proposed by the philosophy of Theravāda Buddhism by analyzing the core concept of Dharma and the philosophies by Plato, Clevebell and Leo Tolstoy. These philosophies will be studied in a comparative manner so as to analyze the similarity and difference among such philosophies.
The researchresults lead to the following findings:
Western philosophies concerning aestheticism are based on the belief that totally contradicts to the spiritual belief because western philosophers regard the aestheticism as the physical features of an object and the way such an object is created and garnished, not the human beings’ acceptances of the aesthetic feature of the object. In other words, western philosophers do not believe that aestheticism is not defined by any human being; rather, it occurs from the object itself
The aesthetic feature is originated from an object and related solely to the object. Since the aestheticism depends on the object, it is absolute, stable and unchangeable, no matter it is appreciated by a nyone or not. The object hasit’s own value without any relation to other external factor. Aesthetic things are always aesthetic even though it is not appreciated. When we perceive it, we will appreciate it; when we do not perceive it, it still exists. Aestheticism is attached to the object and cannot be changed.
On the contrary, Theravāda Buddhism suggests that beauty or aestheticism is comprised of two dimensions, which are physical beauty and spiritual beauty. The spiritual beauty is caused from the perception of a person who has been following the dharma (the teachings of Lord Buddha); thus, it is not related to physical appearances, nor is it related to genders or ages, which are physical features of an object. In conclusion, spiritual beauty is universal. Everyone canperceive it.
As for the physical beauty, Theravāda Buddhism suggests that it is the interactions between physical features of an object and a person’s lusts or attachment, which makes an individual perceive the beauty of the something in a manner different from others. People without lusts or attachment will not perceive physical beauty. Thus, Theravāda Buddhism suggests that beauty is spiritual and never exists. It is just what human beings illustrate. Since beauty or aestheticism does not exist, it has no value. It is, thus, not ‘useful’ for human beings in the sense Buddhism because Buddhism suggests that existing things are useful. |