Abstract

This qualitative research consists of three objectives: (1) To study the Monk behaviors influenced by the Monastic rules in Theravāda Buddhism, (2) To study the current issues of faith of lay community, and (3) To analyse the symbiotic relationship between the monk behaviors and the faith of lay community.  

         The finding shows the concept of laying down the monastic rules and the monks behaviors in Theravāda Buddhism, the Buddha’s teachings as Dhamma – Vinaya. These ‘Dhamma-Vinaya’ approaches provide the core, and form of the Buddha’s teaching, which was later systematized by the monastic community into an oral tradition and early canon the Dhamma that has been successfully handed down to this day.

               In current situation of Buddhism is decreasing day by day. Buddhism has very strong notions of social ethics, both for monks and lay people. Concepts such as responsibility, care, and striving for goodness are not only relevant for individuals but also for communities. The temple is still a centre of social activity where morality and Buddhist ethics are taught on holy days and where the village community meets for festivals. Monks have a particular significance in this context:  with a duty to explain dhamma to lay people and care for their needs, they are ascribed a special position in society and bestowed with authority. Monks are highly respected members of their communities, clearly distinguished by lifestyle and everyday behavior.

                The role of the Saṅgha and its symbiotic relationship with the lay-community were also changed due to the introduction of western concepts of civilization. Such changes, combined with the changing social and economic environment of the modern world, led to a changing of attitude towards monasteries.

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